Simulated Object Orientations in Reading Sentences

About me

Sau-Chin Chen
Associative Professor, Department of Human Development and Psychology
Tzu-Chi University

Center for Open Science, Ambassador
Psychological SCience Accelerators, Fellow, Assistant Director
scchen.com

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Orientation and Size

Issues

  • Mental Simulation: Our minds simulate what we are reading.
  • Match Advantage: (Check example)Faster responses to the object pictures which are compatible with our simulations.
Properties Example \(Chone's\ d_z\)
Shape .27 ~ .31
Color .20 ~ .48
Size .07 ~ .27
Orientation .07 ~ .13

Source: Zwaan and Pecher (2012); de Koning et al. (2017b); de Koning et al. (2017a)

Why the orientation effect has the smallest effect size?

  • Theory issues
    • Intrinsic vs. Extrinsic
    • Diversity among languages
  • Methodology issues
    • Only small objects were employed in the investigation of orientation effect
    • Task demands: Verification only?

Registered Report

Investigate match advantage of object orientation between …

  • Large objects vs. Small objects: crane vs. cane
  • Tasks Picture Verification vs. Pictures Comparison vs. Picture Naming
  • Languages: English vs. Dutch(Dutch; English) vs. Chinese

Pre-analysis for sample size estimation

  • Estimate maximal sample size in terms of past results and .80 power
  • Decide Bayes Factor for stopping data collection

Findings

About picture veification

About pictures comparison

About picture naming

  • No language group shows match advantage of object orientation.
  • Naming small objects was faster than naming large objects.

Conclusion

  • Orientation effects shifted with object size and task demands
  • Moderator of languages

Orientation effects across languages

Issue

  • Language Diversity: Finding robust orientation effect in addition to Amenrican English?
  • Embodied Cognition: Studies tested extended hypothesis in terms of small effect size
  • Which langauge aspects would alter match advantage of object orientation?
Theory Evidence
Credit: Roen Kelly

Registered Report

source: Moshontz et al. (2018)

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Reference